Infrastructure availability highly affects the acceleration of development in Papua and West Papua. However, along with the massive budget for infrastructure development efforts, there is always an alleged hole for fund misuse. For that reason, it requires corruption prevention strategies to eradicate the corrupt individuals and institutional (national and regional).
Corruption prevention on national and regional scales is the government commitment to run an honorably clean and dignified country or region. The three focus areas in the national strategies for this preventive action are permits, state budget, and law enforcement. These measures apply to the lower levels of governance.
National Strategies for Corruption Prevention
As instructed by Presidential Regulation No. 54 of 2018, the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) proposed the 2019 National Strategy for Corruption Prevention (Stranas-PK). It has focused on three areas, namely permits, state budget, and law enforcement.
For the 2021-2022 corruption prevention strategies, Stranas PK introduced three focuses of permits, state budget, and law enforcement and bureaucratic reform. Forty-two ministries and institutions will, together with thirty-four provincial governments and forty-two district/municipal governments, implement twelve corruption preventive and eradicative measures.
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The First Focus Area – Permits
This area emphasized the ease of dealing with permits (and commerce). It will highly concentrate on the Online Single Submission (OSS) and One-stop Integrated Service (PTSP).
According to KPK, all regional governments (including Papua and West Papua) and the ministries at the central government (including Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and Ministry of Health) must apply the OSS system.
Transparency in acquiring permits for natural resources is also a crucial matter. It relates to the forest areas stipulation, a map policy that helps resolve the overlapping permits and improve the permits granting process.
Also, the KPK urges to stop the policy misinterpretation on the state land utilization. It recalls countless lands having a final and binding court ruling status (inkracht) but without any execution yet. Some land examples are even large enough to be reallocated to the community.
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The Second Focus Area – State Budget
The main action of this area is the integration of e-budgeting and e-planning. KPK proposed that the Minister of National Development Planning (or the Head of Bappenas – the National Development Planning Agency) and Minister of Finance had a discussion.
More particularly, the Director of General Budget at the Ministry of Finance and Deputy for Financial Services of Bappenas needs to build synergy for establishing a business process to make the e-planning and e-budgeting into a realization.
The KPK emphasized that those related ministries have to integrate e coming e-planning and e-budgeting system with the e-procurement system. The expectation is that the coming or future procurement system will enable us to build and improve our information technology industries.
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The Third Focus Area – Law Enforcement (and Bureaucratic Reform)
Law enforcement affects the decline in Indonesian CPI rank (Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI). Three institutions or surveyors released this data. Concerning the bureaucratic reform, KPK suggested instead of establishing a new organization(s), it is better to merge the existing organizations.
Corruption Prevention Measures in West Papua
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SMAP in BP2JK of West Papua
The Ministry of Public Works and Public House (PUPR) carries out a character development program for its employees to pursue corruption prevention. This ministry, together with the KPK, implements the SMAP measures in the BP2JK of West Papua. What is SMAP?
SMAP stands for Sistem Manajemen Anti Suap (the Anti-Bribery Management System) of ISO 37001:2016. In addition to this character-building program, the Ministry of PUPR also creates Construction Services Selection Implementation Center (BP2JK) in all 34 provinces in Indonesia.
As a pilot project to meet the employee integrity, there are eight BP2JK and one Regional Construction Services Center III in DKI Jakarta Directorate General of Construction. This program follows the clause of the centralization of procurement services through reorganizing ULP and Work Unit of Procurement of Goods/Services (Pokja BJP) and establishing the Internal Compliance Unit (UKI) at organizational and work units.
In the infrastructure development and corruption prevention in Papua and West Papua, the KPK team also visited this easternmost island of Indonesia. KPK met with the BP2JK in this region and discussed the work challenges in the procurement of goods/services.
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The Ministry of PUPR Cooperation with the Financial and Development Supervisory Agency (BPKP)
The purpose of this cooperation is to conduct internal supervision inside the Ministry of PUPR. It follows President Joko Widowo’s frequent emphasis, synergy and check-and-balance are pivotal between institutions, along with the supervision by the whole community. It is especially true in using the state budget for infrastructure development in West Papua, for example.
The Ministry of PUPR always implements three principles regarding the state budget expenditure, i.e. economic (spending less), effective (spending well), and efficient (spending wisely).
Last but not least, KPK recently has evaluated the progress of corruption prevention action plans carried out by all local governments in West Papua. Some of the prevention areas are regional budget (APBD) planning and budgeting, procurement of goods/services, one-stop service delivery, optimization of regional revenues and assets management, village funds, and more
